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Chalk
Chalk

Basanite 
Basanite 



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Chalk vs Basanite 

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Definition

Definition

Chalk is a soft, white, powdery limestone consisting mainly of fossil shells of foraminifers
Basanite is a black basaltic rock which mainly contains plagioclase, augite, olivine and nepheline and is formerly used as a touchstone

History

Origin

-
-

Discoverer

Unknown
Unknown

Etymology

From old English cealc chalk, lime, plaster; pebble, from Greek khalix small pebble, in English transferred to the opaque, white, soft limestone
From Latin basanites + -ite

Class

Sedimentary Rocks
Igneous Rocks

Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Soft Rock
Durable Rock, Hard Rock

Family

Group

-
-

Other Categories

Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock
Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Texture

Texture

Clastic or Non-Clastic
Aphanitic to Porphyritic

Color

Grey, White, Yellow
Black, Brown, Green, Grey, Red, White

Maintenance

Less
Less

Durability

Durable
Durable

Water Resistant

Scratch Resistant

Stain Resistant

Wind Resistant

Acid Resistant

Appearance

Soft
Glassy or Pearly

Uses

Architecture

Interior Uses

Decorative Aggregates, Homes, Interior Decoration
Decorative Aggregates, Homes

Exterior Uses

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Paving Stone, Garden Decoration
As Building Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings

Other Architectural Uses

Powder
Whetstones

Industry

Construction Industry

As Dimension Stone, Cement Manufacture, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate, Making natural cement, raw material for manufacture of quicklime and slaked lime, Source of calcium
Arrowheads, Construction Aggregate, Cutting Tool, Spear Points

Medical Industry

-
-

Antiquity Uses

Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture, Small Figurines
Artifacts, Monuments

Other Uses

Commercial Uses

Alumina Refineries, Creating Artwork, Drawing on blackboards, Gymnasts, athletes and mountain climbers use for grip, In aquifers, Paper Industry, Production of Lime, Raw material for manufacture of quicklime, slaked lime, Soil Conditioner, Whiting, Whiting material in toothpaste, paint and paper
As a touchstone, Creating Artwork, Gemstone, In fire-starting tools, Manufacture of tools, Metallurgical Flux, Jewelry, To ignite fire, Used in flintlock firearms

Types

Types

Chalk Marl and Marl
Nepheline-Basanite, Analcite-Basanite and Leucite-Basanite

Features

Clasts are smooth to touch, Is one of the oldest rock, Smooth to touch, Very fine grained rock
Clasts are smooth to touch, Easily splits into thin plates, Has High structural resistance against erosion and climate, Used as a touchstone

Archaeological Significance

Monuments

-
-

Famous Monuments

-
-

Sculpture

-
-

Famous Sculptures

-
-

Pictographs

-
-

Petroglyphs

-
-

Figurines

-
-

Fossils

Present
Absent

Formation

Formation

Chalk is formed from lime mud, which accumulates on the sea floor which is then transformed into rock by geological processes.
Basanite is a fine-grained, hard rock that forms when bits of lava shoot out of volcanoes.

Composition

Mineral Content

Calcite, Clay, Clay Minerals, Quartz, Sand
Augite, Feldspar, Ilmenite, Olivine, Plagioclase

Compound Content

Ca, NaCl, CaO
Potassium Oxide, Sodium Oxide, Silicon Dioxide

Transformation

Metamorphism

Types of Metamorphism

-
Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism

Weathering

Types of Weathering

Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering
Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering

Erosion

Types of Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Water Erosion
Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Glacier Erosion, Sea Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion

Properties

Physical Properties

Hardness

17
1 7
👆🏻

Grain Size

Very fine-grained
Fine Grained

Fracture

-
Uneven, Splintery or Conchoidal

Streak

White
White

Porosity

Highly Porous
Highly Porous

Luster

Dull
Waxy and Dull

Compressive Strength

5.00 N/mm2100.00 N/mm2
0.15 450
👆🏻

Cleavage

-
-

Toughness

1
1.5

Specific Gravity

2.3-2.42.5-2.8
0 8.4
👆🏻

Transparency

Opaque
Translucent to Opaque

Density

2.49-2.50 g/cm32.7 g/cm3
0 1400
👆🏻

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat Capacity

0.90 kJ/Kg K0.74 kJ/Kg K
0.14 3.2
👆🏻

Resistance

Heat Resistant
Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Wear Resistant

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents

Asia

Brunei, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, Vietnam
-

Africa

Cameroon, Chad, Ghana, Kenya, Malawi, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Zambia, Zimbabwe
Uganda

Europe

England, France, Germany, Spain, United Kingdom
Germany, Hungary, Italy, Spain

Others

-
Greenland, Mid-Atlantic Ridge

Deposits in Western Continents

North America

Canada, USA
USA

South America

Colombia
Bolivia, Brazil

Deposits in Oceania Continent

Australia

Adelaide, New Zealand, Queensland, Victoria, Yorke Peninsula
New South Wales, New Zealand, Queensland, South Australia, Western Australia

Chalk vs Basanite  Information

Earth’s outer layer is covered by rocks and these rocks have different physical and chemical properties. As two rocks are not same, it’s fun to compare them. You can also know more about Chalk and Basanite  Reserves. Chalk is a soft, white, powdery limestone consisting mainly of fossil shells of foraminifers. Basanite is a black basaltic rock which mainly contains plagioclase, augite, olivine and nepheline and is formerly used as a touchstone. These rocks are composed of many distinct minerals. The process of formation of rocks is different for various rocks. Rocks are quarried from many years for various purposes. You can check out Chalk vs Basanite  information and Chalk vs Basanite  characteristics in the upcoming sections.

Chalk vs Basanite  Characteristics

Though some rocks look identical, they have certain characteristics which distinguish them from others. Characteristics of rocks include texture, appearance, color, fracture, streak, hardness etc. Chalk vs Basanite  characteristics assist us to distinguish and recognize rocks. Also you can check about Properties of Chalk and Properties of Basanite . Learn more about Chalk vs Basanite  in the next section. The interior uses of Chalk include Decorative aggregates, Homes and Interior decoration whereas the interior uses of Basanite  include Decorative aggregates and Homes. Due to some exceptional properties of Chalk and Basanite , they have various applications in construction industry. The uses of Chalk in construction industry include As dimension stone, Cement manufacture, Construction aggregate, For road aggregate, Making natural cement, Raw material for manufacture of quicklime and slaked lime, Source of calcium and that of Basanite  include Arrowheads, Construction aggregate, Cutting tool, Spear points.

More about Chalk and Basanite 

Here you can know more about Chalk and Basanite . The life cycle of a rock consists of formation of rock, composition of rock and transformation of rock. The composition of Chalk and Basanite  consists of mineral content and compound content. The mineral content of Chalk includes Calcite, Clay, Clay Minerals, Quartz, Sand and mineral content of Basanite  includes Augite, Feldspar, Ilmenite, Olivine, Plagioclase. You can also check out the list of all Sedimentary Rocks. When we have to compare Chalk vs Basanite , the texture, color and appearance plays an important role in determining the type of rock. Chalk is available in grey, white, yellow colors whereas, Basanite  is available in black, brown, green, grey, red, white colors. Appearance of Chalk is Soft and that of Basanite  is Glassy or Pearly. Properties of rock is another aspect for Chalk vs Basanite . The hardness of Chalk is 1 and that of Basanite  is 7. The types of Chalk are Chalk Marl and Marl whereas types of Basanite  are Nepheline-Basanite, Analcite-Basanite and Leucite-Basanite. Streak of rock is the color of powder produced when it is dragged across an unweathered surface. The streak of Chalk and Basanite  is white. The specific heat capacity of Chalk is 0.90 kJ/Kg K and that of Basanite  is 0.74 kJ/Kg K. Depending on the properties like hardness, toughness, specific heat capacity, porosity etc., rocks are resistant to heat, wear, impact, etc.Chalk is heat resistant whereas Basanite  is heat resistant, impact resistant, pressure resistant, wear resistant.